Meningitis is an insidious, dangerous disease that spreads like lightning and is distributed by airborne droplets.The incubation period is from two to ten days, during which the patient feels healthy but is actively secreting pathogens and infecting others. Group bacteria carriers that can release meningococcal bacterium without becoming ill themselves, are also extremely dangerous. Outbreaks of meningococcal infections affect participants in the so-called close contact groups.These include children in schools and kindergartens, military bands, groups of tourists and pilgrims performing Hajj. Meningococcal disease is particularly dangerous for children and for tourists visiting the so-called “meningococcal belt” (Northern Africa and the Middle East). If treatment is not begun timeously, fatal inflammation of the membranes of the brain occurs. Those who have had the disease are subject to possible complications such as paresis, paralysis, mental disorders, intellectual impairment, increased intracranial pressure and other disorders.  

Doctors strongly recommend to vaccinate children (starting from a half to two years) attending pre-school and school facilities.Vaccination is mandatory for immunocompromised adults.

Polysaccharide vaccine ACWY®, which is used as a vaccine against meningitis at Immuno-C Vaccination Centers does not contain a protein component and is weakly reactogenic. Therefore, the body’s reaction to its introduction is very weak.In rare cases after vaccination, symptoms of nasopharyngitis or a small rash may occur. There can also be possible pain and / or redness at the injection site, headache, fatigue and irritability.

Vaccination against the exotic disease of yellow fever must be done by all travelers, (business and tourist), who are going to visit a tropical country.Vaccination against yellow fever is a so-called “Vaccine for the traveler,” and its main task is to protect people from health problems when they are away from home.

Vaccination is obligatory for those who travel to states where the disease is endemic such as in South America, Central, Western, Southern and Eastern Africa and territories which are located in the area of ​​tropical rain forests.After the rainy season the population of mosquitoes increases and mosquitoes are the main carriers of the disease. Therefore, a surge in the disease brought from the tropical areas of yellow fever is repeatedly registered in the US and Europe. And, because the disease is subject to quarantine, countries are obliged to inform the WHO of outbreaks or individual cases.

In the case of refusal of vaccination exit will be forbidden (for natives).What is so dangerous about this disease?  

Mortality in yellow fever is 10% -40%.This is an extremely dangerous viral disease that occurs as a result of the failure of the internal organs – kidneys, liver, spleen and bone marrow. Hemorrhaging and bleeding in various organs and tissues occur. The disease runs hard against the background of a high temperature, bleeding gums, vomiting, nasal bleeding and painful enlargement of the liver and spleen.  

Because a mosquito bite or unprotected contact with a carrier of the infection can spread the disease, no one is immune. It is advisable to be vaccinated against yellow fever.The vaccine is produced in Russia and is administered once under the shoulder blade, up to 10 days before traveling. Within 10 days the vaccine produces immunity that persists for 10-15 years.

For yellow fever vaccination of children and adolescents, a special schedule must be followed so that the vaccination does not interfere with other vaccinations. Typically, vaccination is well tolerated but in some cases, there is a possibility of redness and swelling at the injection site, which may occur spontaneously after 2-3 days.There are such manifestations as itching, pain at the injection site, malaise, fever up to 38.5^oC, chills and headache. These are not dangerous reactions and pass within 3 days.

Before you get vaccinated against yellow fever, consult a doctor at the Vaccination Centre and learn about the possible contraindications and adverse reactions.

The Immuno-C Vaccination Centers for vaccination of adults and children against yellow fever, use yellow fever live vaccine made in Russia.

Tetanus toxoid vaccine is indicated for the prevention of a tetanus-specific emergency. The need for such prevention arises in the case of injuries in adults and children as specific prevention will play an important part in the process of healing, wound healing and prevention of more serious complications. Tetanus causes serious lesions of the nervous system leading to the emergence of generalized tetanic convulsions. 

Emergency vaccination against tetanus is recommended in cases of:

• Injury ithat violates the integrity of skin and mucous membranes
• Animal bites
• Burns (thermal, chemical, radiation) second, third and fourth degree
• Penetrating damage of the digestive tract
• Gangrene or tissue necrosis
• During abcess infections
• Abortion or birth outside approved health facilities

Keep in mind that the extra specific prevention of tetanus should be administered as soon as possible after the injury. Nevertheless, given the long incubation period of tetanus vaccine, vaccination is allowed up to 20 days from the time of injury. 

At the time of injury, carry out primary emergency treatment and follow it up with an immediate vaccination of anti tetanus toxoid according to the recommendations of a doctor. Given that the introduction of tetanus toxoid may develop allergic reactions, it is advisable to be vaccinated in the specialized vaccination centers, where the patient will be provided with supervision for 30 minutes after vaccination under antishock therapy conditions. 

To carry out emergency vaccination against tetanus, there is a range of contraindications, including hypersensitivity to the components of the vaccine, pregnancy, exacerbation of chronic diseases, the manifestation of disease in the acute stage. Before the vaccination, it is required to consult with a doctor at the Vaccination Centre!   

In rare cases, after the introduction of the tetanus toxoid, there may be hyperthermia, malaise, pain and/or swelling at the injection site 1-2 days after vaccination. There are isolated cases of slight exacerbation of allergic diseases, angioedema, urticaria, and polymorphic rash. 

The Immuno-C Vaccination Centers for vaccination of adults and children against tetanus, use tetanus vaccine produced in India. 

Human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV infection is widespread. You can become infected both sexually and by contact with the virus on damaged skin. Transmission of the virus from mother to child is also possible during pregnancy and childbirth.

 How dangerous is HPV? 

Its presence in women is directly linked to the development of cervical cancer. 99.7% of cases of cancer develop in parallel with the presence of HPV in women. A woman’s body is able to independently deal with HPV, but in some cases, such as reduced immunity, hereditary factors, and others, HPV is manifest and leads to cervical cancer. Cervical cancer ranks third in the world in the incidence of deaths from cancer among women.

In addition to cancer, certain types of HPV viruses (there are about 100) can cause diseases of the skin and mucous membranes and benign tumors. (warts and genital warts).

In addition to vaccination there is no other effective prevention of the diseases caused by the human papillomavirus infection. We have no reason to question the effectiveness of vaccination since the vaccine is 100% active against the development of dysplasia of the uterus, which leads directly to cancer. Even if an organ is already infected at the time of vaccination, the virus stays inactive and does not lead to development of the disease.The optimal time to be vaccinated against the human papillomavirus infection is during adolescence (15-17 years) and before the start of sexual activity in order to avoid possible situations of HPV infection. If a young woman, already sexually active is to be vaccinated, it is advisable to diagnose HPV infection by PCR-diagnostics, which can be done by the Tibbiyot Dunyosi Real Time PCR-laboratory diagnostic laboratory.

In the Immuno-C Vaccination Center, HPV vaccination is carried out with the drug Tservariks® (Cervarix). 

HPV vaccination scheme: 0-1-6 months. The course is carried out with three single doses. 

1. The first dose.
2. The second dose a month after the first.
3. The third dose 6 months after the first.

Contraindications for vaccination are allergy to components of the drug, pregnancy and lactation, the presence of acute inflammatory diseases and blood clotting.

Among the side effects that usually occur very seldom, it is possible to observe local and general reactions such as redness, swelling and itching at the injection site.

HPV vaccination is voluntary and the woman or the girl’s parents are free to decide on the administration of vaccinations. If you decide to be vaccinated against HPV, you must pass an inspection and consult a pediatrician (for children) and a gynecologist or urologist (for adults).

The epidemiological nature of this disease requires special attention because flu spreads like lightning and up to 15% of the world population is affected.

A dangerous misconception is that the flu is a harmless illness that many carry on their feet and can be self-treated. This misconception leads to dangerous consequences, serious complications, ill health and even death.

Seasonal influenza vaccination has long established itself worldwide.The vaccine is well tolerated and safe for health. The vaccine is effective for 85% of recipients. For those who are vaccinated and who do get the flu after vaccination, the disease is milder and does not cause complications.  

Timely vaccination against influenza exempts people from the investment of time and money on treatment and protects their loved ones from the risk of infection.Flu is accompanied by a high mortality rate among young children and the elderly. For families that have elderly members and children, vaccination is strongly recommended. Doctors recommend undergoing regular seasonal flu vaccination according to the epidemiological situation. As a rule, in late autumn, when a type of influenza is identified, an effective and relevant influenza vaccine is released.

The flu shot can be given to all people, except those who have a contraindication such as allergic reactions to previous vaccinations and to chicken protein vaccine components. Flu shots should not be taken during the exacerbation of chronic diseases.

Hepatitis A, or jaundice, as the disease is popularly called, is a disease that can affect everyone, both adults and children. The disease affects the liver and can be mild or severe. Recovery from Hepatitis A is a long process and involves compliance with a strict diet, medications, and a decrease in physical activity. It is believed that Hepatitis A  is a disease caused by dirty hands. Unfortunately this is not always the case and even the strict control of sanitation and personal hygiene cannot ensure avoidance of the disease. Vaccination against hepatitis A is the most effective way to deal with the disease.

Outbreaks tend to lead to the disease spreading among large numbers of people. An infected person might infect people with whom he has daily contact. 

Dangerous diseases and children’s groups.  

Getting vaccinated against hepatitis A means to protect persons and their loved ones from the illness and having to recover from the effects, which can take a lot of time and effort. Vaccination for Hepatitis A is recommended for all persons, children and adults, who did not previously contract the disease. Particular attention should be paid to the vaccination of those at increased risk of infection. Among them are the staff of kindergartens and schools, catering staff, medical staff and in particular staff of infectious disease departments of hospitals and health care facilities.

It is recommended to vaccinate patients suffering from any chronic liver disease against hepatitis A in order to avoid complications in the case of contracting the disease.

The Immuno-C vaccination centers for vaccination against hepatitis A, use Havrix -720 vaccine (produced in Belgium) and Mevak-A, produced in China.

The Havrix-720 vaccine is designed for the active immunization of hepatitis A and meets the WHO requirements for inactivated vaccine against hepatitis A. Applying the two-dose vaccination provides active immunity against hepatitis A virus for a minimum of 15-20 years. It can combine with any other vaccine in the national calendar of immunization , vaccines required for travel and emergency vaccination. The use of the vaccine is effective in the early incubation period of the disease.

Havrix-720 is used as follows: 

• Children:The primary vaccination is given at 18 months of age and a booster at 6-12 months.
• Adults (previously vaccinated):Vaccine is administered in two steps according to scheme 1. 6 to 12 months after the first vaccination, it is recommended to repeat the vaccination.

Vaccination is contraindicated in the case of hypersensitivity to one of the vaccine components. In the presence of acute or chronic inflammatory disease with a background of a high temperature, the vaccination is postponed until the normalization of body temperature.

The use of the vaccine during pregnancy and lactation is allowed only when absolutely necessary.

Havrix is a reactogenic vaccine and the duration of the possible side effects does not exceed 24 hours. In rare cases (0.5%), there is a possibility of local reactions such as pain, swelling and redness at the injection site. The frequency of side effects is extremely low at revaccination.

MEVAC-A is a live vaccine against hepatitis A. It is used in many countries around the world. It is administered once.

The MEVAC-A vaccine is recommended for use by the WHO.  The drug has been well proved in terms of patient tolerance, is highly immunogenic and produces strong immunity against the hepatitis A virus for a duration of 15 years. Possible side effects are mild local reactions and dyspeptic symptoms. 

Today, viral hepatitis B has gone beyond an “occupational disease” of people suffering from drug addiction and the intravenous use of narcotic drugs with shared needles.The degree of infectivity of hepatitis B virus is extremely high, and preventative measures are not always used properly. The cause of infection could be unprotected sex, blood transfusion from an infected donor, the use of non-sterile medical instruments in dental offices, the use of needles and syringes for injections and so forth. So-called “domestic” methods of infection are also common and one can be infected with the virus because of non-compliance with the elementary rules of hygiene. Unsterile instruments used for piercings, manicures and other beauty treatments as well as toothbrushes and razors can be causes of infection. People often underestimate the danger of the disease, suggesting that lifelong immunity after undergoing the disease is a good reason for abandoning vaccination. However, a major percentage of patients who recover from hepatitis B become chronic carriers of the infection, potentially dangerous to others.There is a high mortality among sufferers of acute or chronic forms of hepatitis B, but the disease can be prevented through safe vaccine that is effective for many years. This vaccine protects them and their families from the deadly danger.

It is advisable for patients aged 13-35 years old who have not been previously vaccinated to do so. Persons at risk such as the relatives of patients with chronic hepatitis B, medical staff working with blood products, medical students, patients on hemodialysis, patients who receive frequent blood and others are also advised to be vaccinated.

Vaccination against hepatitis B is included in thenational calendar of preventive vaccinations in Uzbekistan . It effectively helps fight common diseases carrying severe economic and social losses and resulting in disability and even death of patients. Vaccination against hepatitis B virus is carried out repeatedly, for the newborn on the first day of life and at the age of two, three and four months.

The Immuno-C Vaccination Centers use Enzheriks-in vaccine that does not contain preservatives, thus minimizing the risk of complications.

HBV vaccination scheme according to the national immunization schedule: